Vilnius Gaon Jewish History Museum (VGŽIM) is a republican budgetary institution that collects, preserves, researches, restores and exhibits the historical, material and spiritual heritage of Lithuanian Jews, objects of traditional and contemporary Jewish art, documents and objects related to the Holocaust.

The museum as an institution fostering Jewish culture and traditions has long traditions in Lithuania. The first such museum was founded by the Society of Jewish Antiquities in Vilnius in 1913.