19th century German pianist, composer, wife of R. Schuman. Klara Jozefin Vyk was born in 1819. September 13 In Leipzig, in the family of Frydrich and Mariana Vyka. Her name Clara means "bright", "shining". Father Frydrich was engaged in teaching music, owned a piano and sheet music trading and rental company. Mother Mariana was a talented singer and pianist. Klara Vyk showed a talent for music from a young age. Her father sought to educate her as a musician, taught her the piano himself and sent her daughter to study violin, music theory, and composition with the best teachers in Leipzig, Dresden and Berlin.
In 1828, when she was 9 years old, Clara performed the piece for the first time in public. When she was 11 years old, the official debut of the musician took place. Until she turned 19, her father managed her musical career by accompanying her on trips to Germany, Austria and France. Klara transcribed her father's letters into her diary, thus learning the intricacies of the music business of that era. Klara received a deep musical education, but had little general education. Her father was despotic, but Clara remembered him with gratitude in 1894. stating in the letter that it helped her become a better musician and protected her from the arrogance of being recognized by the world. Clara was one of the very few female pianists of the time who performed in public, as well as one of the very few musicians who performed pieces from memory. Robert Schumann was unable to play due to an injured hand and Clara performed his piece for the first time in 1831 when she was 12 years old. Robert Shuman was taught piano by her father and Klara had known Robert since childhood.
About 1836 Clara and Robert's romantic relationship became obvious. Father Frydrich did not approve of this. Klara was already a famous pianist at the time, accepted as a member of the musicians of the imperial court of Vienna, became an honorary member of the Vienna Society of Friends of Music, and Robert Schuman was a little-known composer. The father sent Klara to Dresden and severed all ties with R. Schuman. The couple corresponded secretly. The father refused to give permission for Klara to marry R. Shuman. The composer sued Father Frydrich. The latter responded with various accusations against R. Shuman, from financial irresponsibility to alcoholism. After almost 1 year of litigation, the court allowed the wedding to take place. Clara and Robert were married in 1840. September 12 and settled in Leipzig. in 1844 due to R. Schuman's health, the couple moved to Dresden in 1850. - to Düsseldorf.
Klara Shuman had 8 children: Maria, Eliza, Julia, Emil, Ludwig, Ferdinand, Eugenius and Felix. She did not stop her musical activities: she performed works, composed music, taught piano. R. Schuman supported his wife, saw to it that her works were published, but made it clear that his works were more important to the family. Klara popularized her husband's works with her performance, and R. Shuman included fragments of her compositions in his own. in 1854 due to psychological and personality breakdown, R. Shuman tried to commit suicide. He was transferred to a sanatorium near Bonn. Doctors considered him dangerous and forbade Clara to see him for 2 and a half years. Clara was supported by musicians she knew. Klara became close friends with J. Brams. She saw her husband only a few days before his death in 1856. in July
The image of Clara Schumann on the 100 German mark banknote
37-year-old Klara Shuman became a widow. 1857−1863 lived in Berlin, then in Baden Baden. She continued to perform, but stopped writing her own songs. in 1878 she became a piano teacher at the Hoch Conservatory in Frankfurt am Main. He gave a public concert for the last time in 1891. Clara Schumann died in 1896. May 20 in Frankfurt am Main. She was buried in the old cemetery of Bona next to her husband. During her lifetime, Klara Schuman was one of Europe's most famous pianists. Her compositions, mostly for piano, were little known. Interest in the composer's work increased in the 20th century. on the other side.
Klara Shuman's creative legacy, all dated 1853. or earlier, consists of 29 songs, 3 songs for voices, 4 pieces for piano and orchestra, 20 pieces for piano and cadenzas for 3 piano concertos by Beethoven and Mozart. Klara Shuman's works are combined into 23 numbered opus, 17 unnumbered opus.
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