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doctor, doctor of medicine, humanities and law, Dawnbreaker, Lithuanian press and political activist.
1873-1880 he studied at the Mindaugava German Gymnasium and graduated as the first student. In 1880-1882 he studied at the Universities of Moscow and St. Petersburg.



In 1882 he took part in the activities of the Proletariat Party. From 1884 to 1919 he lived in the USA and graduated from the Maryland Medical School. 1892-1893 editor of the journal "Enlightenment". In 1901 - member of the Dawn Society, in 1904-1912 - its treasurer, in 1904-1905 - took part in the founding of the Lithuanian-American Socialist Union, and was treasurer of its Central Committee. In 1894 and 1904 he represented the Lithuanian Social Democratic Party at the International Congresses.

He practised as a doctor until 1917. He took part in the founding and work of many societies, (188383, Tilžė), the US-Lithuanian Lovers' Society (1885), the Lithuanian Association in America (1900), the Lithuanian Scientific Society (1889), the Lithuanian Freethinkers' Association in America (1900), the Lithuanian Freethinkers' Union (1910), the Lithuanian Association for the Study of Science (1889).

1914-1919 - one of the most prominent figures of the political organisation "Sandara". 1919-1920 - Lithuanian representative in Latvia and Estonia. 1921 - Director of the Bank of Lithuania, founder and shareholder of various joint stock companies. 1921-1923 - teacher at Biržai and Šiauliai gymnasiums. In 1924, he was one of the organisers and activists of the Society of Ethical Culture of Freemasons.2 He contributed to the publication of the newspapers "Šiaulių naujienos" (1923-1928) and "Laisvoji mintis" (1933-1941). In 1923-1930 he taught history of medicine at the University of Lithuania, and on 24 February 1923 he was awarded the title of Honorary Doctor of Medicine.
1933-1940 he was the first burgomaster of Palanga, and there is a memorial homestead in Palanga to him. In 1944 he fled to Austria.

Philosophical views

J. Šliūpas propagated a materialistic conception of the world. He considered Ludwig Büchner to be a great authority on materialism, and translated his work "Force and Material" into Lithuanian. In the theory of cognition, Šliūpas was a sensualist. He criticised the religious worldview. His social views were eclectic due to the influence of Marxism, positivism, Christian socialism, ethical socialism and other philosophical concepts. On ethical issues, which he closely linked to social issues, he drew on the ideas of F. Lamennais, D. S. Mill and H. Spenser. In aesthetics, he was a representative of critical realism.